Physical activity: Perspectives from Cook Islands adolescents

Joseph, D.E.M.^1,2, Trask, S.A.¹, Vickers, M.H.¹, Bay, J.L.^1,3

1. Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; 2. Araura College, Ministry of Education, Cook Islands; 3. Koi Tū: The Centre for Informed Futures, University of Auckland, New Zealand.

The Cook Islands is burdened with high levels of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) associated with multi-generational nutritional and non-nutritional environmental exposures. Health-promoting behaviours established during adolescence can contribute to reduced NCD risk in current and future generations. Physical activity (PA) is one important area of focus. This study examined attitudes to, perceptions of, and participation in physical activity in 10-to-15-year-olds at Araura College, Aitutaki. Parents and community leaders are known to influence adolescent PA; thus, their perspectives were included. A mixed methods approach informed by the Tivaevae framework was applied. Data collection from adolescents involved questionnaires (n=41), focus groups (n=43), accelerometery (n=40) and perspectives of the PA environment explored via application of photovoice within curriculum-linked learning. Parents and community leaders were interviewed (n=9). Adolescents demonstrated variable knowledge of PA but consistent awareness of associations between PA and health. Barriers to PA identified by adolescents included technology, climate, negative feedback, conflicting commitments, and anxiety. Enablers included peer/family support, organised sports, and enjoyment. Adults additionally identified resourcing as a barrier. All adolescents met and exceeded the age-appropriate recommended step-count; none met recommended levels for moderate to vigorous PA. There were notable discrepancies between adolescents’ self-reported and actual PA. Integration of exploration of PA into learning supported adolescents to examine and critique their PA environment. Non-generalisable evidence demonstrates good essential PA but a need to encourage more moderate to vigorous PA in adolescents. These methods could stimulate discussion of and action towards promoting adolescent PA within and between communities in the Cook Islands.

Joseph, D.E.M., Trask, S.A., Vickers, M.H., & Bay, J.L. (2023). Physical activity: Perspectives from Cook Islands adolescents. Pacific Islands Universities Research Network Conference, Rarotonga, Cook Islands.